Brushed DC motor is a type of DC motor that uses brushes to make electrical contact with the commutator, which is a cylindrical rotor with a series of evenly spaced conductive segments. The brushes are usually made of carbon and are in contact with the commutator, allowing the current to flow into the armature winding. As the rotor turns, the brushes maintain contact with the commutator, reversing the direction of the current in the armature winding every half-turn, which creates a continuous rotation of the rotor. Brushed DC motors are relatively simple and inexpensive to manufacture, and are commonly used in applications that require variable speed control, such as power tools, toys, and appliances. However, they also have some drawbacks, such as limited lifespan due to the wear and tear of the brushes and commutator, and the generation of electrical noise and sparking.
Working Principle of a Brushed DC Motor
The working principle of a brushed DC motor is based on the interaction between a magnetic field and an electric current. The motor consists of a stator and a rotor. The stator contains the field winding, which produces a magnetic field, and the rotor contains the armature winding, which carries the current. The rotor is also equipped with a commutator, which is a cylindrical structure with a series of conductive segments that are connected to the armature winding.
When a voltage is applied to the motor, it causes a current to flow through the armature winding, which creates a magnetic field around the rotor. The magnetic field interacts with the magnetic field produced by the field winding in the stator, causing the rotor to rotate. As the rotor turns, the commutator and brushes maintain contact with each other, reversing the direction of the current in the armature winding every half-turn, which creates a continuous rotation of the rotor.
The speed of the motor can be controlled by varying the voltage applied to the motor, which changes the strength of the magnetic field and the speed of the rotor. The torque produced by the motor is proportional to the current flowing through the armature winding. Brushed DC motors are commonly used in applications that require variable speed control, such as power tools, toys, and appliances.
There are several types of brushed DC motors, including:
1.Permanent magnet DC motor: This type of motor uses a permanent magnet to create the magnetic field in the stator.
2.Series-wound DC motor: In this type of motor, the armature and field windings are connected in series, which provides high starting torque but lower speed.
3.Shunt-wound DC motor: This type of motor has the armature and field windings connected in parallel, which provides a more constant speed but lower starting torque.
4.Compound-wound DC motor: This type of motor combines the features of both the series and shunt-wound motors, providing both high starting torque and a more constant speed.
5.Separately excited DC motor: In this type of motor, the field winding is supplied with a separate power source, allowing for greater control over the motor’s speed and torque.
Hope, this article helps you to get the brief knowledge of all the types of Brushed DC Motor.
We know electric motors. Get in touch with one of our knowledgeable sales representatives to learn more. Let us match you with the electric motor that will perform best for your application and your budget. We’ve been delivering custom motors on time. contact us!